Catalog Number
ACM25014419-4
Product Name
Polyacrylonitrile, average Mw 85,000
Description
Acrylonitrile, stabilized appears as a clear colorless liquid with a strong pungent odor. Flash point 32°F. Prolonged exposure to the vapors or skin contact harmful. Density 6.7 lb / gal. Vapors heavier than air. Combustion produces toxic oxides of nitrogen. Requires storage and handling in closed systems. Used in insecticides and to make plastics, fibers and other chemicals. Rate of onset: Immediate Persistence: Minutes to hours Odor threshold: 17 ppm Source/use/other hazard: Plastics, coatings, adhesives industries; dyes; pharmaceuticals; flam gas.;Liquid;COLOURLESS OR PALE YELLOW LIQUID WITH PUNGENT ODOUR.;Colorless to pale-yellow liquid with an unpleasant odor.;Colorless to pale-yellow liquid with an unpleasant odor. [Note: Odor can only be detected above the PEL.]
IUPAC Name
prop-2-enenitrile
Molecular Weight
53.06g/mol
Molecular Formula
C3H3N;CH2=CH-CN;H2C(CH)CN;C3H3N
InChI
InChI=1S/C3H3N/c1-2-3-4/h2H,1H2
InChI Key
NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Boiling Point
171 °F at 760 mm Hg (EPA, 1998);77.3 °C;77.2 °C;77 °C;171°F;171°F
Melting Point
-116 °F (EPA, 1998);-83.5 °C;-83.51 °C;-84 °C;-116°F;-116°F
Flash Point
32 °F (EPA, 1998);-5 °C (23 °F) - closed cup;32 °F(0 °C)(open cup);-1 °C c.c.;30°F;30°F
Density
0.8004 at 77 °F (EPA, 1998);0.8007 at 25 °C;1.14-1.17;Relative density (water = 1): 0.8;0.81;0.81
Solubility
10 to 50 mg/mL at 70.9° F (NTP, 1992);1.40 M;In water, 7.45X10+4 mg/L at 25 °C;Very soluble in ethanol, acetone, benzene, ether;Acrylonitrile is ... miscible with ethanol, carbon tetrachloride, ethyl acetate, ethylene cyanohydrin, liquid carbon dioxide, ... toluene, petroleum ether, and xylene.;SOL IN DIMETHYLSULFOXIDE, DIMETHYLACETAMIDE, DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE;SOL IN MALEIC ANHYDRIDE, NITRILES, NITROPHENOLS, ETHYLENE CARBONATE, HOT BUTYROLACTONE; INSOL IN ALC, ACETONE, BENZENE, CARBON TETRACHLORIDE, PETROLEUM ETHER;Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 7;7%
Application
Polyacrylonitrile, with an average molecular weight of 85,000, is a versatile synthetic resin primarily utilized as a polymeric carbon precursor. It is employed in the formation of carbon fibers and electrospun activated carbon materials featuring meso-macro pores, as well as carbon black additives. These materials are integral in applications such as hydrogen storage, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, electrochemical processes, and separation technologies. Furthermore, polyacrylonitrile can contribute to the development of single-walled carbon nanotube composites based on its structure. Comprised of repeating cyanoethylene units, polyacrylonitrile is manufactured via free radical polymerization of acrylonitrile and is classified within the acrylic resin family. Its thermoplastic nature, coupled with its resistance to most solvents and chemicals due to strong nitrile group bonds, makes it exceptionally versatile. This polymer is used in producing a diverse range of products, from textile fibers to ultra-filtration membranes, carbon fibers, and hollow fibers for reverse osmosis. Adaptations of its homopolymer can extend to outdoor textiles, sails for marine vessels, fiber-reinforced concrete, and flame-resistant fabrics.
Color/Form
Clear, colorless liquid at room temperature;Colorless to pale-yellow liquid;WHITE FIBER
Corrosivity
Attacks copper and copper alloys ... attacks aluminum in high concentration
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
EC Number
203-466-5;613-396-0
Heat of Vaporization
32.6 kJ/mol at 25 °C
Log P
0.25 (LogP);log Kow = 0.25;0.25
MeSH Entry Terms
Acrylonitrile;Cyanide, Vinyl;Vinyl Cyanide
Monoisotopic Mass
53.026549g/mol
Odor
Practically odorless, or with a very slight odor of peach kernels;Sweet odor;Irritating odor;Unpleasant odor;Onion, garlic, pungent
Other Experimental
... Yellowing upon exposure to light indicates photo-alteration to saturated derivatives.;Solubility of water in acrylonitrile: 3.1 parts water/100 parts acrylonitrile;Saturated concentration in air = 257 g/cu m at 20 °C; 383 g/cu m at 30 °C;Dielectric constant at 33.5 MHz = 38; dipole moment = 3.88 D; molar heat of fusion = 66.15 kJ/mol; ionization potential = 10.75 eV; free energy of formation = 195 kJ/mol at 25 °C; enthalpy of formation (at 25 °C): 185 kJ/mol (gas), 150 kJ/mol (liquid); molar heat capacity: 111.1 kJ/mol K (liquid), 64.1 kJ/mol K (gas at 50 °C and 101.3 kPa); entropy (gas at 25 °C, 1 atm) = 274 kJ/mol K;Forms azeotropes with tetrachlorosilane, water, isopropyl alcohol, benzene, methanol, carbon tetrachloride, chlorotrimethylsilane.;Henry's Law constant = 1.38X10-4 atm cu m/mole at 25 °C;Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 1.11X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C;STICKS @ 235 °C; IRONING TEMP ABOVE 160 °C MAY CAUSE YELLOWING;TENSILE STRENGTH (PSI) 32,000-39,000; BREAK ELONGATION 20-80%; MOISTURE REGAIN 1.5% (70 °F, 65% RH); SOFTENS @ 455 °F; RESISTANT TO MINERAL ACIDS; FAIR TO GOOD RESISTANCE TO WEAK ALKALIES;EXCELLENT RESISTANCE TO COMMON SOLVENTS, OILS, GREASES, NEUTRAL SALTS, SUNLIGHT; ... IS DEGRADED BY STRONG ALKALIES. RESISTS ATTACK BY MOLDS, MILDEW, INSECTS.
Refractive Index
Index of refraction: 1.3911 at 20 °C/D
Stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
UN Number
1093;1093;1093;1093;1093
Vapor Density
1.9 (EPA, 1998) (Relative to Air);1.83 (Air = 1);Relative vapor density (air = 1): 1.8
Vapor Pressure
100 mm Hg at 73.4 °F (EPA, 1998);108.49 mmHg;109 mm Hg at 25 °C;Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 11.0;83 mmHg;83 mmHg
Viscosity
0.34 sq mm/s at 25 °C
