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Self-assembly refers to a technology in which basic structural units (such as molecules, nanomaterials, micrometers, etc.) or larger-scale substances spontaneously form ordered structures. Contact printing is a printing technology that uses pressure as the basis and uses the printing plate or other methods to transfer the graphic information on the original to the substrate. It uses printing ink or coloring pigments to reproduce images and text on the surface of paper or other materials with the help of printing machinery and equipment. There is a very close relationship between self-assembly and contact printing. The ordered structure formed by self-assembly technology can be widely used in contact printing. Self-assembled monomolecular membranes are long-chain organic molecules that spontaneously react to form oriented, tightly arranged two-dimensional ordered monomolecular membranes connected by chemical bonds on the substrate surface. Self-assembled monolayers are an important part of contact printing. Through contact printing technology (CP) to form a self-assembled monomolecular film (SAM) pattern, the chemical properties of the substrate at the pattern can be changed. The pattern can also be used as a mask in etching and many other uses.
Figure 1. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) modified with amphiphilic block copolymers (BCPs) assembly to form spherical vesicles
The initial research on self-assembled monomolecular membranes (SAM) focused on the self-assembly system of organosilane adsorbed on the surface of silicon and silicon dioxide. With further exploration, many other self-assembling systems have been established. Among them, the best properties are the SAMs formed by alkyl mercaptans on gold substrates. The development and research of various self-assembly systems make contact printing play an important application value in more and more fields.
Figure 2. Self-assembled peptide nanoparticles form organs through 3D printing