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Magnetic ionic liquids are functionalized ionic liquids with magnetic property. Magnetic ionic liquids consist of an organic cation and an inorganic or organic anion. Magnetic ionic liquids are usually liquid state at room temperature. Unlike conventional ionic liquids, the cations or anions of magnetic ionic liquids contain magnetic centers. Because of the existence of magnetic center, the magnetic ionic liquid can be magnetized and can respond to the external magnetic field. Figure 1 shows that [bmim]FeCl4, a typical magnetic ionic liquid, responds to a magnet.
Figure 1. The response of a magnetic ionic liquid ([bmim]FeCl4) to a magnet.
Magnetic ionic liquids can generate certain magnetization intensity under the action of external magnetic field, and can produce macro response to the external magnetic field. Due to the advantages of easy separation and reutilization, magnetic ionic liquids are widely used in the field of chemical, pharmaceutical and environmental protection.
Figure 2. Molecular structure of [bmim]FeCl4 (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrachloroferrate).
Figure 3. SEM images of PPy nano-particles obtained in magnetic ionic liquid at room temperature: (I) without external magnetic field, (II and III) with magnetic fields. IV is the particle size distribution graph.
Figure 4. Synthesis procedure of m-SWCNTs.
According to the relationship between structure and magnetism, magnetic ionic liquids can be divided into two categories.