Lead Monoxide - Materials / Alfa Chemistry

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Lead Monoxide

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Catalog Number

ACMA00014340

Product Name

Lead Monoxide

Category

Glass Additives

Description

Litharge appears as odorless gray or yellow green or red-brown solid. Sinks in water. (USCG, 1999);DryPowder; DryPowder, OtherSolid; OtherSolid; WetSolid;RED-TO-YELLOW CRYSTALS.

IUPAC Name

oxolead

Molecular Weight

223g/mol

Molecular Formula

PbO;PbO;OPb

Canonical SMILES

O=[Pb]

InChI

InChI=1S/O.Pb

InChI Key

YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Boiling Point

1472 °C;1470 °C

Melting Point

887 °C;888 °C

Density

9.5 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999);9.64 g/cu cm;9.5 g/cm³

Solubility

In water: 0.0504 g/L at 25 °C (alpha form); 0.1065 g/L at 25 °C (beta form);Water: 0.017 g/L at 20 °C;Insoluble in water, alcohol; soluble in acetic acid, dilute nitric acid, warm soln of fixed alkali hydroxides;Soluble in ammonium chloride;Solubility in water: none

Application

Lead monoxide, commonly referred to as litharge (red form) or massicot (yellow form), is a versatile compound with a range of applications. It is produced through the oxidation of lead in various industrial processes. This compound is primarily utilized for its chemical properties, such as forming the plumbite ion in alkaline solutions and its solubility in several acids and chlorides. Lead monoxide plays a significant role in the production of glazing for pottery, glass flux for painting on porcelain and glass, lead glass, and varnishes. It is also employed in the creation of iridescent colors for brass and bronze, as well as for coloring sulfur-containing substances like hair and wool. Additionally, it is used in the manufacture of rubber pigments, artificial tortoise shell and horn, and boiled linseed oil. In the field of metallurgy, lead monoxide is instrumental in the assay of gold and silver ores. This compound's multifaceted nature extends to being a reagent type catalyst, underlying its integral role in various industrial and artistic processes.

Color/Form

Exists in 2 forms: red to reddish-yellow, tetragonal crystals at ordinary temperature; yellow, orthorhombic crystals, stable above 489 °C;Yellow orthorhombic crystals

Complexity

Covalently-Bonded Unit Count

EC Number

215-267-0

Exact Mass

223.97157g/mol

Formal Charge

Heavy Atom Count

ICSC Number

0288

MeSH Entry Terms

lead dioxide;lead monoxide;lead oxide

Monoisotopic Mass

223.97157g/mol

NSC Number

57634

Other Experimental

Commercial grades are yellow to reddish, depending on treatment and purity;MP: 897 °C, begins to sublime before melting;Density: 9.53 g/cu cm (alpha); 9.6 g/cu cm (beta);At 300-450 °C in air converted slowly into lead tetraoxide (Pb3O4) but at higher temp reverts to lead oxide (PbO);Reddish, alpha form (litharge)is stable up to 489 °C where it transforms to the yellow, beta form (massicot). The latter is stable at high temperatures.;Amphoteric, dissolving in acids and alkalies. In alkalies, it forms the plumbite ion, PbO2(2-).

Rotatable Bond Count

RTECS Number

OG1750000

Stability

Stable under recommended storage conditions.;Exists in 2 forms: (1) Red to reddish-yellow, tetragonal crystals; stable at ordinary temps. (2) Yellow, orthorhombic crystals; stable >489 °C

UN Number

2291;3288;3077

Vapor Pressure

1 Pa at 724 °C; 10 Pa at 816 °C; 100 Pa at 928 °C; 1kPa at 1065 °C; 10 kPa at 1241 °C; 100 kPa at 1471 °C

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