Catalog Number
ACM1344281-9
Product Name
Aluminum oxide, AR
Category
Other Glass and Ceramic Materials
Description
Aluminum oxide is a white odorless crystalline powder. Water insoluble. Properties (both physical and chemical) vary according to the method of preparation; different methods give different crystalline modifications. The variety formed at very high temperature is quite inert chemically.;DryPowder; DryPowder, OtherSolid; DryPowder, PelletsLargeCrystals; DryPowder, WetSolid; Liquid; OtherSolid; PelletsLargeCrystals; PelletsLargeCrystals, OtherSolid; WetSolid; WetSolid, Liquid;WHITE POWDER.;White, odorless, crystalline powder.;White, odorless, crystalline powder.
IUPAC Name
dialuminum;oxygen(2-)
Molecular Weight
101.961g/mol
Molecular Formula
Al2O3;Al2O3;Al2O3
Canonical SMILES
[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3]
InChI
InChI=1S/2Al.3O/q2*+3;3*-2
InChI Key
PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Boiling Point
5396 °F at 760 mm Hg (NIOSH, 2016);2977 °C;3000 °C;5396°F;5396°F
Melting Point
3632 °F (NIOSH, 2016);2030 °C;2054 °C;3632°F;3632°F
Density
4 (NIOSH, 2016);Density: 3.4-4.0;3.97 g/cm³;4;4.0
Solubility
Insoluble (NIOSH, 2016);Difficult solubility in mineral acids and strong alkali;Insoluble in water;Solubility in water: none;Insoluble
Application
Aluminum oxide, AR, serves as a versatile compound with numerous industrial and scientific applications. This white crystalline powder exists in multiple forms, notably as α-aluminum oxide and γ-aluminum oxide, and naturally occurs in bauxites and laterites. In its synthetic form, aluminum oxide is integral as an abrasive due to its hardness and purity, used in producing bonded, coated, and grit abrasives. Additionally, its catalytic properties are harnessed in sulfur recovery and petroleum refining, attributed to its large surface area and specific pore structure. As an adsorbent, aluminum oxide is employed for drying gases and liquids and in adsorption chromatography because of its affinity for water and polar molecules. It also plays a role in the pharmaceutical industry, used in tablet formulations, decoloring powders, and widely in antibiotic production. In its hydrated state, it's valuable in mordant dyeing, cosmetics, and as an antacid. Moreover, aluminum oxide's chemical behavior is amphoteric, forming salts in acidic environments and producing various compounds when interacting with silica, bases, and elements like nitrogen and borate under specific conditions, highlighting its adaptability across sectors.
Color/Form
White crystalline powder;White powder, balls or lumps or various mesh
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
5
Exact Mass
101.947821g/mol
MeSH Entry Terms
Alumina;Alumina Ceramic;Aluminum Oxide;Aluminum Oxide (Al130O40);Aluminum Oxide (Al2O);Aluminum Oxide (AlO2);Bauxite;Ceramic, Alumina;Corundum;Oxide, Aluminum;Sapphire
Monoisotopic Mass
101.947821g/mol
Other Experimental
Very hygroscopic; an electrical insulator, electrical resistivity at 300 °C about 1.2x10+13 ohms-cm; very hard, about 8.8 on Mohs' scale; when heated above 800 °C, becomes insoluble in acid; specific gravity increases from 2.8 to 4.0 when heated above 800 °C;White powder, hexagonal; MP: 2054 °C; BP: 2977 °C; density: 3.99 g/cu cm; insoluble in water, organic solvents; slightly soluble in alkaline solutions /Alpha-alumina/;Soft white powder; transforms to corundum at 1200 °C; density: 3.97 g/cu cm; insoluble in water; soluble in acid; slightly soluble in alkaline solutions /Gamma-alumina/;Heat of formation: -130.0 kJ/mol; Gibbs energy of formation: -159.0 kJ/mol; molar entropy: 259.4 J/mol-K; molar heat capacity at constant pressure: 45.7 J/mol-K at 298.15 K;Vapor pressures: 100 Pa at 2122 °C; 1 kPa at 2351 °C; 10 kPa at 2629 °C; 100 kPa at 2975 °C;Enthalpy of fusion: 111.1 kJ/mol /Alpha-alumina/;Index of refraction: 1.7598 /alpha-alumina/; 1.7598 /gamma-alumina/;Density: 3.97 g/cu cm; Mohs' hardness: 9; index of refraction: 1.761 (alpha), 1.769 (beta) /Corundum/;Ridgeway's hardness scale: 12; Knoop hardness: 21 kN/sq m;Mean specific heat: 795.5 J/kg-K from 25-1,800 °C; thermal conductivity: 10.9 W/m-K at 500 °C, 6.2 W/m-K at 1000 °C; linear thermal expansion coefficient: 8.6/deg C X 10+6, from 20-1000 °C
Refractive Index
Index of refraction: 1.768, 1.760
Vapor Pressure
0 mm Hg (approx) (NIOSH, 2016);1 mm Hg at 2158 °C;0 mmHg (approx);0 mmHg (approx)
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