Catalog Number
ACM1344281-10
Product Name
Aluminum oxide, SP,99.999%
Category
Other Glass and Ceramic Materials
Description
Aluminum oxide is a white odorless crystalline powder. Water insoluble. Properties (both physical and chemical) vary according to the method of preparation; different methods give different crystalline modifications. The variety formed at very high temperature is quite inert chemically.;DryPowder; DryPowder, OtherSolid; DryPowder, PelletsLargeCrystals; DryPowder, WetSolid; Liquid; OtherSolid; PelletsLargeCrystals; PelletsLargeCrystals, OtherSolid; WetSolid; WetSolid, Liquid;WHITE POWDER.;White, odorless, crystalline powder.;White, odorless, crystalline powder.
IUPAC Name
dialuminum;oxygen(2-)
Molecular Weight
101.961g/mol
Molecular Formula
Al2O3;Al2O3;Al2O3
Canonical SMILES
[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3]
InChI
InChI=1S/2Al.3O/q2*+3;3*-2
InChI Key
PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Boiling Point
5396 °F at 760 mm Hg (NIOSH, 2016);2977 °C;3000 °C;5396°F;5396°F
Melting Point
3632 °F (NIOSH, 2016);2030 °C;2054 °C;3632°F;3632°F
Density
4 (NIOSH, 2016);Density: 3.4-4.0;3.97 g/cm³;4;4.0
Solubility
Insoluble (NIOSH, 2016);Difficult solubility in mineral acids and strong alkali;Insoluble in water;Solubility in water: none;Insoluble
Application
Aluminum oxide, SP, 99.999% serves a critical role due to its high purity and versatile properties. This white crystalline powder exists in two primary forms: α-aluminum oxide, with colorless hexagonal crystals, and γ-aluminum oxide, made up of minute cubic crystals that transform into the α-form at elevated temperatures. As a compound naturally abundant in bauxites and laterites, aluminum oxide is vital in various applications because of its ability to act as an adsorbent and catalyst. In industrial processes, it is prized for its large surface area and pore structure, making it excellent for drying gases and liquids and essential in adsorption chromatography. Catalytic uses include sulfur recovery, alcohol dehydration, olefin isomerization, and serving as a catalyst support in petroleum refining. Beyond industrial applications, aluminum oxide is integral in producing abrasives for dental and metal finishing tools and is extensively used in pharmaceutical tablet formulations and antibiotic preparations for its decoloring capabilities. The compound's amphoteric nature further enhances its utility, as it reacts with acids and bases forming different salts and hydroxides, bringing indispensable applications in both chemical processing and commercial products.
Color/Form
White crystalline powder;White powder, balls or lumps or various mesh
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
5
Exact Mass
101.947821g/mol
MeSH Entry Terms
Alumina;Alumina Ceramic;Aluminum Oxide;Aluminum Oxide (Al130O40);Aluminum Oxide (Al2O);Aluminum Oxide (AlO2);Bauxite;Ceramic, Alumina;Corundum;Oxide, Aluminum;Sapphire
Monoisotopic Mass
101.947821g/mol
Other Experimental
Very hygroscopic; an electrical insulator, electrical resistivity at 300 °C about 1.2x10+13 ohms-cm; very hard, about 8.8 on Mohs' scale; when heated above 800 °C, becomes insoluble in acid; specific gravity increases from 2.8 to 4.0 when heated above 800 °C;White powder, hexagonal; MP: 2054 °C; BP: 2977 °C; density: 3.99 g/cu cm; insoluble in water, organic solvents; slightly soluble in alkaline solutions /Alpha-alumina/;Soft white powder; transforms to corundum at 1200 °C; density: 3.97 g/cu cm; insoluble in water; soluble in acid; slightly soluble in alkaline solutions /Gamma-alumina/;Heat of formation: -130.0 kJ/mol; Gibbs energy of formation: -159.0 kJ/mol; molar entropy: 259.4 J/mol-K; molar heat capacity at constant pressure: 45.7 J/mol-K at 298.15 K;Vapor pressures: 100 Pa at 2122 °C; 1 kPa at 2351 °C; 10 kPa at 2629 °C; 100 kPa at 2975 °C;Enthalpy of fusion: 111.1 kJ/mol /Alpha-alumina/;Index of refraction: 1.7598 /alpha-alumina/; 1.7598 /gamma-alumina/;Density: 3.97 g/cu cm; Mohs' hardness: 9; index of refraction: 1.761 (alpha), 1.769 (beta) /Corundum/;Ridgeway's hardness scale: 12; Knoop hardness: 21 kN/sq m;Mean specific heat: 795.5 J/kg-K from 25-1,800 °C; thermal conductivity: 10.9 W/m-K at 500 °C, 6.2 W/m-K at 1000 °C; linear thermal expansion coefficient: 8.6/deg C X 10+6, from 20-1000 °C
Refractive Index
Index of refraction: 1.768, 1.760
Vapor Pressure
0 mm Hg (approx) (NIOSH, 2016);1 mm Hg at 2158 °C;0 mmHg (approx);0 mmHg (approx)
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