All about Battery Separators
Battery Separators are key components in batteries. The core function of battery separators is to isolate the positive and negative electrodes to prevent short circuits, while allowing lithium ions to pass through to maintain the normal charge and discharge cycle of the battery, and to ensure safety through thermal stability under abnormal conditions.
- Definition
- Features
- Products
- Applications
- Qualifications
- FAQs
- Case Study
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What is Battery Separator?
Battery Separator describes the membrane layer that exists between a battery's positive and negative electrodes. The battery separator represents an essential component whose performance directly affects both the safety measures and the overall expenses of battery production. The main role of this component is to maintain separation between the positive and negative electrodes while blocking electron flow yet permitting ion movement through the electrolyte.
What are the Features of Battery Separators?
Good Mechanical Strength
It needs to have high puncture resistance and tensile strength to avoid battery deformation or puncture by foreign objects.
High Chemical Stability
It is resistant to corrosion by organic solvents and maintains stable physical and chemical properties for a long time.
Thinness and Uniformity
The thickness is usually 10~40 microns, and the pore size distribution must be uniform to balance ion conduction efficiency and safety.
What are the Applications of Battery Separators?
Electric Vehicles
Battery separators are the core components of power batteries, ensuring the safety and energy density of batteries under high loads.
Consumer Electronics
Smartphones, tablets and other devices rely on battery separators to provide high energy density and long cycle life.
Energy Storage Systems
Battery separators ensure the stability of batteries under frequent charging and discharging, supporting the storage and dispatch of energy.
Medical Equipment
Monitors and surgical instruments rely on the reliability and safety of battery separators to ensure the stable operation of medical equipment.
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Question and Answer
Case Study
Characterization of Lithium-Ion Battery Separators
Lagadec, Marie Francine, Raphael Zahn, and Vanessa Wood. Nature Energy 4.1 (2019): 16-25.Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with liquid electrolytes and microporous polyolefin separators are ubiquitous. While the separator is not necessarily the active component in the battery, it plays a key role in ion transport and affects rate capability, battery life, and safety. As the understanding of separator properties and the interactions between the separator and the electrolyte continues to improve, opportunities exist to improve separators to help meet the higher demands of LIB technology for new applications.
The earliest attempts to visualize the microstructure of battery separators were to use transmission electron microscopy (TEM). For example, the anisotropic structure of a PP separator was qualitatively described by filling the separator structure, staining the filling phase, and then performing SEM and TEM on the sections. To quantify the structure of a porous membrane, a 3D representation of the structure is ideally needed that is large enough to reflect the separator as a whole and has sufficient resolution to include all key structural features. In polyolefin separators, the length of the pore structure and polymer backbone is tens of nanometers, although the nanofibers that extend into the larger pores in PP separators can be smaller.
