Catalog Number
ACMA00016512
Description
Vinyl chloride appears as a colorless gas with a sweet odor. Easily ignited. Shipped as a liquefied gas under own vapor pressure. Contact with the unconfined liquid may cause frostbite by evaporative cooling. Leaks may be liquid or vapor. Vapors are heavier than air. May asphyxiate by the displacement of air. Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket. Suspected carcinogen. Used to make plastics, adhesives, and other chemicals.;GasVapor, Liquid; Liquid; OtherSolid;COLOURLESS COMPRESSED LIQUEFIED GAS WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR.;WHITE POWDER OR PELLETS.;Colorless gas or liquid (below 7°F) with a pleasant odor at high concentrations.;Colorless gas or liquid (below 7°F) with a pleasant odor at high concentrations. [Note: Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas.]
Molecular Weight
62.5g/mol
Molecular Formula
C2H3Cl;H2C=CHCl;(C2H3Cl)n;C2H3Cl;C2H3Cl
InChI
InChI=1S/C2H3Cl/c1-2-3/h2H,1H2
InChI Key
BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Boiling Point
7 °F at 760 mm Hg (NTP, 1992);-13.3 °C;-13.8 °C;-13 °C;7°F;7°F
Melting Point
-245 °F (NTP, 1992);-153.7 °C;-153.84 °C;-154 °C;-256°F;-256°F
Flash Point
-110 °F (NTP, 1992);Gas (-108.4 °F (-78 °C)) - open cup.;-78 °C (-112 °F) - closed cup;-78 °C c.c.;-110°F;NA (Gas)
Density
0.969 at 8.6 °F (USCG, 1999);0.9106 g/cu cm at 20 °C;1.406;Density (vapour at 15 °C): 8 g/l;Relative density (water = 1): 0.9 (liquid);1.41 g/cm³;0.969 at 8.6°F;2.21(relative gas density)
Solubility
Slightly soluble (NTP, 1992);In water, 8.8X10+3 mg/L at 25 °C;In water, 2700 mg/L;Soluble in ethanol; very soluble in ethyl ether;Soluble in carbon tetrachloride and benzene;Soluble in hydrocarbons, oil, chlorinated solvents, and most common organic solvents.;HIGH MOL WT UNMODIFIED PVC SOL IN: CYCLOHEXANONE; METHYL CYCLOHEXANONE; DIMETHYL FORMAMIDE; NITROBENZENE; TETRAHYDROFURAN; ISOPHORONE; MESITYL OXIDE;LOW MOL WT PVC POLYMERS SOL IN: DIPROPYL KETONE; METHYL AMYL KETONE; METHYL ISOBUTYL KETONE; ACETONYLACETONE; METHYL ETHYL KETONE; DIOXANE; METHYLENE CHLORIDE;Solubility in water, g/l at 25 °C: 1.1 (poor);Solubility in water: very poor;(77°F): 0.1%
Application
The purpose of VCM (Vinyl Chloride Monomer) is primarily to serve as a key ingredient in the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a versatile plastic that accounts for a significant portion of global plastic use. Over 95% of VCM is used to manufacture PVC, which is essential in producing plastic piping, flooring, consumer goods, electrical applications, and transport sector materials. Beyond this, VCM is also utilized, though in smaller quantities, for creating vinyl chloride/vinyl acetate copolymers and in producing chlorinated solvents and resins. Historically, vinyl chloride had various applications, including use as a refrigerant and in cosmetic products, but such uses have been discontinued due to safety regulations. Careful handling of VCM is crucial, as it is a flammable gas that can irritate skin and eyes and is associated with health risks, including being classified as a human carcinogen. It is chemically stable when shipped with an inhibitor but requires specific materials for safe storage and transport to prevent corrosion, particularly in the presence of moisture.
Color/Form
Colorless gas or liquid (below 77 degrees F) [Note: Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas];WHITE THERMOPLASTIC SUBSTANCE;PLASTIC SOLID;UNMODIFIED, RIGID PVC IS TRANSPARENT, COLORLESS TO AMBER; PLASTICIZED (NONRIGID) PVC IS TRANSPARENT, COLORLESS TO AMBER
Corrosivity
Vinyl chloride is not corrosive when dry but in presence of moisture it corrodes iron and steel.
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
EC Number
200-831-0;618-338-8;924-145-2
Heat of Vaporization
160 Btu/Lb = 88 cal/g = -189.1X10+5 J/kg
MeSH Entry Terms
Chloride, Vinyl;Chloroethylene;Vinyl Chloride
Monoisotopic Mass
61.992328g/mol
Odor
Ethereal odor;Mild, sweet odor;Pleasant odor at high concentrations;ODORLESS
Other Experimental
Liquifies in freezing mixture;Henry's Law constant = 0.0278 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C;Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 6.96X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C;DC RESISTIVITY: 1X10+12-1X10+16 OHM/CM; INDEX OF REFRACTION: 1.54 D; DIELECTRIC CONSTANT @ 60 CYCLES/SEC: 3.2-4.0; @ 1X10+16 CYCLES/SEC: 3.0-4.0 /UNMODIFIED, RIGID PVC/;DISSIPATION FACTOR @ 1X10+6 CYCLES/SEC: 0.006-0.02; @ 60 CYCLES/SEC: 0.01-0.02; YIELD STRAIN: 1.0-5.0%; MODULUS OF ELASTICITY @ 1X10+3 LB/SQ IN: 200-600; TENSILE STRENGTH: 5000-9000 LB/SQ IN; ULTIMATE ELONGATION: 2.0-40% /UNMODIFIED, RIGID PVC/;NOTCHED IZOD IMPACT STRENGTH: 0.4-2.0 FT LB/IN; ROCKWELL HARDNESS: R110-R120; HEAT DISTORTION 264 LB/SQ IN: 60-80 °C; SPECIFIC HEAT: 0.2-0.28 CAL/G; LINEAR THERMAL EXPANSION COEFFICIENT, 1X10-5; 5.0-18 °C; MAX CONTINUOUS SERVICE TEMP: 70-74 °C; /UNMODIFIED, RIGID PVC/;DC RESISTIVITY: 1X10+11-1X10+14 OHM/CM; DIELECTRIC CONSTANT @ 60 CYCLES/SEC: 5.0-9.0; DIELECTRIC CONSTANT @ 1X10+6 CYCLES/SEC: 3.0-4.0; DISSIPATION FACTOR @ 60 CYCLES/SEC: 0.03-0.05; DISSIPATION FACTOR @ 1X10+6 CYCLES/SEC: 0.06-0.1 /PLASTICIZED (NON RIGID) PVC/;TENSILE STRENGTH: 1,500-3,000 LB/SQ IN; ULTIMATE ELONGATION: 200-400%; SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 1.15-1.35; SPECIFIC HEAT: 0.36-0.5 CAL/G; LINEAR THERMAL EXPANSION COEFFICIENT: 1X10+5, 7.0-25 °C; MAX CONTINUOUS SERVICE TEMP: 80-105 °C; INDEX OF REFRACTION: 1.50-1.55/D /PLASTICIZED (NON RIGID) PVC/;THERMOPLASTIC SUBSTANCE WITH HIGH RESISTANCE TO CHEMICALS; IT CAN WITHSTAND TEMPERATURES OF 65-80 °C VERY WELL; GOOD MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
Refractive Index
Index of refraction: 1.3700 at 20 °C/D
RTECS Number
KU9625000;KV0350000
Stability
An unstable polyperoxide is apparently formed in vinyl chloride through oxidation by atmospheric oxygen in the presence of any of a variety of contaminants. Storage under these conditions for a long period increases the concentration of unstable polyperoxide to hazardous levels.;Long-term exposure to air may result in formation of peroxides that can initiate explosive polymerization of the chloride.;STABILIZERS ARE NECESSARY TO PREVENT DISCOLORATION FROM EXPOSURE TO LIGHT OR HEAT;AT ORDINARY TEMPERATURES IT MAY UNDERGO SLOW DEHALOGENATION WITH EVOLUTION OF HYDROGEN CHLORIDE
UN Number
1086;1086;1086;1086;1086
Vapor Density
2.15 (Air = 1);Relative vapor density (air = 1): 2.2;2.21
Vapor Pressure
3877.5 mm Hg (USCG, 1999);2.98e+03 mmHg;2980 mm Hg at 25 °C;Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 334;3877.5 mmHg;3.3 atm
Viscosity
0.01072 cP at 101.325 kPa, 20 °C (gas); 0.280 cP at -20 °C (liquid)
