Catalog Number
ACMA00017198
Product Name
Tetrahydrofuran
Description
Tetrahydrofuran appears as a clear colorless liquid with an ethereal odor. Less dense than water. Flash point 6°F. Vapors are heavier than air.;Liquid;Liquid;COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR.;Colorless liquid with an ether-like odor.;Colorless liquid with an ether-like odor.
Molecular Weight
72.11g/mol
Molecular Formula
C4H8O;(CH2)3CH₂O;C4H8O;C4H8O
InChI
InChI=1S/C4H8O/c1-2-4-5-3-1/h1-4H2
InChI Key
WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Boiling Point
151 °F at 760 mm Hg (NTP, 1992);65.0 °C;65 °C;66 °C;151°F;151°F
Melting Point
-163.3 °F (NTP, 1992);-108.3 °C;-108.44 °C;-108.3°C;-108.5 °C;-163.3°F;-163°F
Flash Point
6 °F (NTP, 1992);6 °F (closed cup); -4 °F (open cup);-14.5 °C (closed cup);-14.5 °C c.c.;6°F;6°F
Density
0.888 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999);0.8833 g/cu cm at 25 °C;Relative density (water = 1): 0.89;0.89;0.89
Solubility
greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 68° F (NTP, 1992);13.87 M;Miscible with alcohols, ketones, esters, hydrocarbons, and ethers.;Very soluble in acetone, benzene, ether, ethanol, and chloroform;30% IN WATER AT 25 °C;Miscible in water at 25 °C;1000.0 mg/mL;Solubility in water: freely soluble;Miscible
Application
Tetrahydrofuran (THF) serves as a versatile industrial solvent renowned for its exceptional properties, facilitating a broad array of applications. Of particular note is DuPont THF, distinguished by its purity of over 99.9% and stabilized with a minor addition of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) as an antioxidant. As a cycloaliphatic ether, THF is acclaimed for its efficacy in dissolving high molecular weight polymers like polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and various vinyl copolymers, making it indispensable in producing polymer solutions for automotive upholstery coatings, audio tape coatings, and waterproof barriers. THF is predominantly used in the production of polytetramethylene ether glycol, a crucial component in elastomeric fibers such as spandex, and in polyurethane and polyester elastomers for products like artificial leather and skateboard wheels. Additionally, the solvent supports the synthesis of consumer and industrial chemicals, particularly in agriculture and pharmaceuticals, where its ability to form complexes with inorganic and organic compounds enhances chemical reactions and catalysis. Its applications extend to solvent cleaning and adhesive formulations for plastics and leather. While THF is naturally present in certain foods, its industrial deployment is carefully managed to minimize environmental and human exposure risks.
Color/Form
Colorless, mobile liquid;Water-white liquid;Colorless liquid
Corrosivity
Tetrahydrofuran will attack some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings.
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
EC Number
216-898-4;203-726-8;607-472-2
Heat of Vaporization
180 BTU/lb= 98.1 cal/g= 4.1X10+5 J/kg
Log P
0.46 (LogP);log Kow = 0.46;0.46;0.46 (estimated)
MeSH Entry Terms
tetrahydrofuran
Monoisotopic Mass
72.057515g/mol
Odor
Ether-like odor;FAINT FRUITY ODOR
Other Experimental
CONVERSION FACTOR: 1 PPM = 2.94 MG/CU M; 1 MG/L = 340 PPM;RATIO OF SPECIFIC HEATS OF VAPOR (GAS): (EST) 1.083;Saturated liquid density: 55.230 lb/cu ft; saturated vapor pressure: 2.913 lb/sq in; saturated vapor density: 0.03660 lb/cu ft (all at 75 °F);Liquid heat capacity: 0.401 BTU/lb-F at 70 °F;Ideal gas heat capacity: 0.375 BTU/lb-F at 100 °F;Dielectric constant: 7.4 at 25 °C;Electrical conductivity: 1.5X10-8 mohm/cm at 25 °C;Dipole moment: 1.75 Debyes at 25 °C;Enthalpy of formation: -51.67 kcal/mole (liquid);Enthalpy of sublimation at 298 K: 7.65 kcal/mole;Critical volume: 224 cu cm/mole;Vapor pressure = 0.06 atm at 0 °C, 0.11 atm at 10 °C, 0.173 atm at 20 °C, 0.26 atm at 30 °C;Henry's Law constant = 7.05X10-5 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C;Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 1.61X10-11 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C;Nitrate radical reaction rate constant = 4.88X10-15 cu cm/molecule sec at 25 °C
Refractive Index
Index of refraction: 1.4050 at 20 °C/D
Stability
Tetrahydrofuran will auto-oxidize in the presence of light & O2 to form resinous products that color water from pink to brown at conc above 100-250 mg/l.;May form, organic peroxides when exposed to air or light but usually inhibited against peroxide formation.;Upon contact with air, THF may decompose into explosive peroxides & carbon monoxide.
UN Number
2056;2056;2056;2056;2056
Vapor Density
2.5 (NTP, 1992) (Relative to Air);2.5 (Air = 1);Relative vapor density (air = 1): 2.5;2.5
Vapor Pressure
114 mm Hg at 59 °F ; 145 mm Hg at 68° F (NTP, 1992);162.22 mmHg;1.62X10+2 mm Hg at 25 °C;Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 19.3;132 mmHg;132 mmHg
Viscosity
0.53 cP at 20 °C;0.5 mPa*s at 20 °C
