Catalog Number
ACMA00021117
Product Name
Tellurium powder
Description
Grayish-white, lustrous, brittle, crystalline solid; dark-gray to brown, amorphous powder with metallic characteristics. Used as a coloring agent in chinaware, porcelains, enamels, glass; producing black finish on silverware; semiconductor devices and research; manufacturing special alloys of marked electrical resistance. Improves mechanical properties of lead; powerful carbide stabilizer in cast iron, tellurium vapor in "daylight" lamps, vulcanization of rubber. Blasting caps. Semiconductor research. (EPA, 1998);DARK GREY-TO-BROWN AMORPHOUS POWDER, WITH METAL CHARACTERISTICS OR SILVERY-WHITE, LUSTROUS CRYSTALLINE SOLID.;Odorless, dark-gray to brown, amorphous powder or grayish-white, brittle solid.;Odorless, dark-gray to brown, amorphous powder or grayish-white, brittle solid.
Molecular Weight
127.6g/mol
InChI Key
PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Melting Point
842 °F (EPA, 1998);449.8 °C;449.5 °C;842°F;842°F
Density
6.24 (EPA, 1998);6.11-6.27;6.0-6.25 g/cm³;6.24;6.24
Solubility
Insoluble (NIOSH, 2016);Insol in benzene, carbon disulfide;INSOL IN HOT & COLD WATER, HYDROCHLORIC ACID; SOL IN NITRIC ACID, AQ REGIA, POTASSIUM CYANIDE, POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE, SULFURIC ACID;Solubility in water: none;Insoluble
Application
Tellurium powder serves multiple purposes due to its unique properties as a crystalline, semimetallic element. Known for its grayish-silvery appearance and lustrous nature, tellurium can exist as either a hexagonal crystal or an amorphous powder. Its significance lies in its conductivity, which is especially sensitive to light exposure, making it a valuable p-type semiconductor. Widely used in the metallurgy field, tellurium enhances the properties of copper, tin, lead-based alloys, steel, and cast iron. Additionally, it finds applications in the electronics industry, particularly in the production of lasers and photoreceptors. Tellurium powder contributes to rubber manufacturing by increasing heat resistance and delaying aging in rubber hoses and cable coatings. In the arts, it functions as a coloring agent for chinaware, porcelain, enamels, and glass. Furthermore, it's employed as a reagent for producing a black finish on silverware and in the manufacturing of special alloys with marked electrical resistance. Despite its industrial applications, tellurium is not utilized in nutritional supplements as it is not a required micronutrient. As one of the rarer elements on Earth, tellurium is more often found as a byproduct in ore refining processes, providing a critical role across various industries.
Color/Form
Grayish-white, lustrous, brittle, crystalline solid, hexagonal, rhombohedral structure;Dark-gray to brown, amorphous powder with metal characteristics
Composition
When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /tellurium/.
Compound Is Canonicalized
Yes
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Defined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
Deprecated CAS
137322-20-4
Exact Mass
129.9062227g/mol
Heat of Vaporization
46.0 kJ/g
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
0
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
0
MeSH Entry Terms
Tellurium
Monoisotopic Mass
129.9062227g/mol
Other Experimental
Vapor pressure between 511 and 835 °C is given by equation logP(kPa)= 6.7249-(5960.2/K);Diatomic in vapor state; atomic number 52, valence 2, 4, 6; in air dissolves in potassium hydroxide; electrical resistivity at 19.6 °C: 200,000 micro-ohms/cm; reacts with nitric acid, not with hydrochloric acid; linear coefficient of thermal expansion: 16.8X10-6/deg C; latent heat of fusion: 4.27 kcal/mol; hardness (Mohs): 2.3; magnetic susceptibility at 18 °C: -0.31X10-6 cgs; specific heat (solid): 0.047 cal/g/deg C;TELLURIUM BURNS IN AIR WITH A GREENISH-BLUE FLAME TO FORM TELLURIUM DIOXIDE;Combines with halogens, does not react with sulfur or selenium; modulus of elasticity: 6000000 psi. ... Eight stable isotopes: 120, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 128, 130; reacts with concentrated or fuming sulfuric acid
Refractive Index
INDEX OF REFRACTION: 1.0025; SADTLER REFERENCE NUMBER: 5272 (IR, PRISM)
Specific Surface Area
100-400 mesh
Stability
TARNISHES SLIGHTLY IN AIR
Topological Polar Surface Area
0Ų
Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count
0
UNII
NQA0O090ZJ;7F4735942K
Vapor Pressure
1 mm Hg at 968 °F (EPA, 1998);0 mmHg (approx);0 mmHg (approx)
