Product Name
Lactic Acid, 85 Percent, Reagent, ACS
Description
Lactic acid appears as a colorless to yellow odorless syrupy liquid. Corrosive to metals and tissue. Used to make cultured dairy products, as a food preservative, and to make chemicals.;Liquid;Colourless or yellowish, nearly odourless, syrupy liquid to solid;liquid;VISCOUS COLOURLESS-TO-YELLOW LIQUID OR COLOURLESS-TO-YELLOW CRYSTALS.;colourless to yellow hygroscopic crystals becoming syrupy liquid; odourless
IUPAC Name
2-hydroxypropanoic acid
Molecular Weight
90.08g/mol
Molecular Formula
C3H6O3;C3H6O3;CH3CHOHCOOH;HC3H5O3;C3H6O3
Canonical SMILES
CC(C(=O)O)O
InChI
InChI=1S/C3H6O3/c1-2(4)3(5)6/h2,4H,1H3,(H,5,6)
InChI Key
JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Boiling Point
122 °C at 15 mm Hg
Melting Point
40.8666666667 °C;16.8 °C;16.8 °C;17 °C
Flash Point
113 °C (235 °F) - closed cup;110 °C c.c.
Density
1.2 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999);1.2060 g/cu cm at 21 °C;1.25 g/cu cm;Relative density (water = 1): 1.2;1.200-1.209
Solubility
11.10 M;1000 mg/mL;Completely soluble in water;Miscible with water;Completely soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, and other organic solvents which are miscible with water. It is virtually insoluble in benzene and chloroform.;Miscible with glycerol;Soluble in alcohol and furfurol; slightly soluble in ether; insoluble in chloroform, petroleum ether, carbon disulfide. Miscible with alcohol-ether solution.;Insoluble in water;Soluble in chloroform, furan, 1,4-dioxane, 1,3-dioxolane, pyridine. Insoluble in alcohols.;Insoluble in acetonitrile. From solubility studies done at the USDA, polylactiic acid was soluble in benzene, chloroform, 1,4-dioxane, and tetrahydrofuran.;Solubility in water: miscible;miscible with water, glycerol, glycols, oils;miscible at room temperature (in ethanol)
Application
Lactic Acid, 85 Percent, Reagent, ACS serves as a versatile and essential component in various industries due to its properties and functions. This concentrated form of lactic acid is predominantly used as an acidulant, successfully adjusting pH levels and acting as a preservative in the food and beverage sectors. Its nonvolatile nature and smooth, milk acid taste make it a valuable flavoring agent, enhancing products like cheese spreads and salad dressings. In the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, lactic acid is prized for its role in formulating biodegradable polymers such as poly(D-lactic acid) for drug delivery systems, and its skin-softening properties in topical treatments. Furthermore, its widespread application extends to medical uses, including treatments for metabolic acidosis and as a component in various therapeutic products. Lactic Acid, 85 Percent, Reagent, ACS is predominantly produced through biotechnological fermentation methods to ensure optical purity and economic viability.
Color/Form
Crystals (melt at 16.8 °C);Yellow to colorless crystals or syrupy 50% liquid;Viscous, colorless to yellow liquid or colorless to yellow crystals;Glassy material;High-molecular-weight poly(lactic acid) is a colorless, glossy, stiff thermoplastic polymer
Corrosivity
Caustic in concentrated solutions
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
EC Number
200-018-0;200-018-0;295-890-2;209-954-4;608-645-5
Log P
-0.72 (LogP);-0.72;log Kow = -0.72;-0.6
MeSH Entry Terms
2 Hydroxypropanoic Acid;2 Hydroxypropionic Acid;2-Hydroxypropanoic Acid;2-Hydroxypropionic Acid;Ammonium Lactate;D Lactic Acid;D-Lactic Acid;L Lactic Acid;L-Lactic Acid;Lactate;Lactate, Ammonium;Lactic Acid;Propanoic Acid, 2-Hydroxy-, (2R)-;Propanoic Acid, 2-Hydroxy-, (2S)-;Sarcolactic Acid
Monoisotopic Mass
90.031694g/mol
Odor
Odorless;Weak unpleasant odor;Available forms have very slightly acrid odor
Other Experimental
Undergoes self-esterification even in aqueous solution ... hydrolysis to monomeric lactic acid occurs upon dilution with water;When heated, dehydrates forming series of polylactic acids such as lactyllactic acid, liner trimer, & higher polymers;Hygroscopic ... Has one asymmetric carbon and two enantiomorphic isomers. The commercial form is a racemic mixture. ... Cannot be distilled at atmospheric pressure without decomposition; when concentrated above 50% it is partially converted to lactic anhydride.;Specific heat at 20 °C: 0.505 cal/g °C;When solution is heated, dehydration takes place between alpha-hydroxyl group of 1 molecule & carboxyl of another;MASS: 176 (Atlas of Mass Spectral Data, John Wiley & Sons, New York) /Lactic acid (D)/;MASS: 176 (Atlas of Mass Spectral Data, John Wiley & Sons, New York) /Lactic acid (L)/;Volatile with superheated steam.;Crystals from ether and isopropyl ether; melting point = 52.8 °C; pK = 3.83; soluble in water, alcohol, acetone, ether, glycerol; practically insoluble in chloroform. /D-lactic acid/;Crystals from acetic acid or chloroform; melting point = 53 °C; pK = 3.79 at 25 °C. /L-lactic acid/;Henry's Law constant = 9.6X10-9 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C (est);Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 5.9X10-12 cu cm/molec-sec at 25 °C (est);Polylactic acid exists in three different lactide stereoisomers (D-, L-, and meso-lactide). Depending on the relative amounts of the different stereoisomers in the final polyester, the crystallinity of the resulting polylactic acid is heavily influenced and in this way the properties of the polymer can be adjusted to satisfy the needs of different applications.;Semicrystalline polymer. Melting point: 180 °C; Glass transition temperature: 55 °C /poly-L-lactic acid/;Acid value: 46-57; Ester value: 726-740; Saponification value: 783-786; Softening range: 125-135 °C;Specific optical rotation: 156 deg (poly-D-lactic acid); -153 deg (poly-L-lactic acid)
Refractive Index
Index of refraction = 1.4392 at 20 °C;Index of refraction: 1.439-1.456 at 25 °C;1.413-1.429
Stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.;Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Vapor Pressure
0.08 mmHg;0.0813 mm Hg at 25 °C
Viscosity
Viscosities of aqueous lactic acid at 25 °C: 1.042 mPa s (6.29 wt%), 1.752 mPa s (25.02 wt%), 4.68 mPa s (54.94 wt%), 36.9 mPa s (88.60 wt%)
