Product Name
Barium Sulfate
Category
Phosphors - Phosphor Materials; Ceramic Materials
Description
Barium sulfate appears as white or yellowish odorless powder or small crystals. Mp: 1580°C (with decomposition). Density: 4.25 -4.5 g cm-3. Insoluble in water, dilute acids, alcohol. Soluble in hot concentrated sulfuric acid. Used as a weighting mud in oil-drilling, in paints, paper coatings, linoleum, textiles, rubber. Administered internally ("barium cocktail") as a radio-opaque diagnostic aid.;DryPowder; Liquid; WetSolid; WetSolid, Liquid;ODOURLESS TASTELESS WHITE OR YELLOWISH CRYSTALS OR POWDER.;White or yellowish, odorless powder.;White or yellowish, odorless powder.
IUPAC Name
barium(2+);sulfate
Molecular Weight
233.39g/mol
Canonical SMILES
[O-]S(=O)(=O)[O-].[Ba+2]
InChI
InChI=1S/Ba.H₂O4S/c;1-5(2,3)4/h;(H2,1,2,3,4)/q+2;/p-2
InChI Key
TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L
Boiling Point
2912 °F at 760 mm Hg (Decomposes) (NIOSH, 2016);decomposes;2912°F (decomposes);2912°F (Decomposes)
Solubility
water, 8470 mg/L @ 25 °C (est)
Application
Barium sulfate serves a diverse range of purposes due to its unique properties, such as being odorless, tasteless, and virtually insoluble in water. It is primarily used as an inert filler and pigment extender in products like paints, primers, inks, plastics, floor tiles, paper coatings, polymer fibers, and rubber. This compound is also utilized in oil drilling as a thixotropic weighting mud, aiding in the stabilization of drilling operations. In the medical field, barium sulfate is notably used as a contrast agent for X-ray diagnostics, specifically in procedures like the barium meal, which enhances imaging of the upper gastrointestinal tract, including the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine. Additionally, barium sulfate is employed in the production of lithopone, a white pigment, and finds application in manufacturing photographic paper, wallpaper, glassmaking, battery plate expanders, and heavy concrete for radiation shielding. Due to its insolubility, barium sulfate is considered the least toxic among barium compounds, making it safe for various industrial and medical uses.
Average Particle Size
200-500 nm
Color/Form
Fine, heavy powder or polymorphous crystals;White, orthorhombic crystals;White or yellowish powder;Opaque powder
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
2
EC Number
231-784-4;236-664-5
Exact Mass
233.856977g/mol
Form
Nanodispersion (Water, IPA, Ethanol)
MeSH Entry Terms
Barite;Baritop;Barium Sulfate;Barium Sulfate (2:1);E Z CAT;E-Z-CAT;EZCAT;Micropaque Oral;Sulfate, Barium
Monoisotopic Mass
233.856977g/mol
Other Experimental
SOLUBILITY IN WATER INCREASES CONSIDERABLY IN PRESENCE OF CHLORIDE & OTHER ANIONS;1149 °C (transition point monoclinic);Lithopone does not darken in the presence of sulfides;Mohs hardness: 3.3;Heat of formation: -1473.2 kJ/mol; Gibbs energy of formation: -1362.2 kJ/mol; molar entropy: 132.2 J/mol-K; molar heat capacity: 101.8 J/mol-K
Refractive Index
Indices of refraction: 1.636 (alpha), 1.637 (beta), 1.648 (gamma)
Vapor Pressure
0 mm Hg (approx) (NIOSH, 2016);0 mmHg (approx);0 mmHg (approx)