Catalog Number
ACM120127-1
Category
Carbon Nanomaterials; Electroluminescence Materials; Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) Materials; Sublimed Materials
Description
Anthracene is a white to yellow solid with a weak aromatic odor. Sinks in water. (USCG, 1999);DryPowder;WHITE CRYSTALS OR FLAKES.;White to yellow solid with a weak aromatic odor.
Canonical SMILES
C1=CC=C2C=C3C=CC=CC3=CC2=C1
InChI
InChI=1S/C14H10/c1-2-6-12-10-14-8-4-3-7-13(14)9-11(12)5-1/h1-10H
InChI Key
MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Boiling Point
644 °F at 760 mm Hg (corrected); 439.7° F at 53 mm Hg, sublimes (NTP, 1992);339.9 °C;341.3 °C;342 °C;644°F
Melting Point
421 to 424 °F (NTP, 1992);215.0 °C;216 °C;218 °C;421-424°F
Flash Point
250 °F (NTP, 1992);121.0 °C (249.8 °F) - closed cup;250 °F (121 °C) (Closed cup);121 °C;250°F
Density
1.24 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999);1.25 at 27 °C/4 °C;1.25-1.28 g/cm³;1.24
Solubility
less than 1 mg/mL at 68° F (NTP, 1992);2.44e-07 M;In water, 4.34X10-2 mg/L at 24 °C;Insoluble in water;1.29 mg/L at 25 °C in distilled water;0.6 mg/L at 25 °C in salt water;One gram dissolves in 67 mL absolute alcohol, 70 mL methanol, 62 mL benzene, 85 mL chloroform, 200 mL ether, 31 mL carbon disulfide, 86 mL carbon tetrachloride, 125 mL toluene.;Slightly soluble in ethanol. ethyl ether, acetone, benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride;Soluble in alcohol at 1.9/100 at 20 °C; in ether 12.2/100 at 20 °C;Solubility in water, g/100ml at 20 °C: 0.00013
Application
Anthracene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), serves multiple industrial and scientific purposes due to its chemical properties. As a colorless to pale yellow crystalline solid exhibiting bluish fluorescence, anthracene is primarily used in the production of dyes, plastics, and pesticides. Its structure of three fused benzene rings makes it characteristic of aromatic compounds. Beyond these applications, anthracene plays a significant role in research settings and features in the creation of smoke screens and scintillation counter crystals, which detect and quantify flashes over time. Found in the heavy and green oil fractions of crude oil and obtained through fractional crystallization, anthracene is soluble in organic solvents and absolute alcohol. It undergoes various chemical reactions, such as oxidation to form anthraquinone, chlorination to produce anthraquinol, and sulfonation with sulfuric acid, demonstrating its versatility and importance in chemical synthesis and industrial processes.
Color/Form
Monoclinic plates from alcohol recrystallization; when pure, colorless with violet fluorescence;Tablets or monoclinic prisms from alcohol;Yellow crystals with blue fluorescence;Pale yellow leaves
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
Defined Atom Stereocenter Count
0
EC Number
204-371-1;292-602-7
Heat of Vaporization
294 kJ/kg
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count
0
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count
0
Log P
4.45 (LogP);log Kow = 4.45;4.5 (calculated)
MeSH Entry Terms
anthracene;anthracene, sodium salt, ion (1-)
Monoisotopic Mass
178.0782
Other Experimental
Strongly triboluminescent and triboelectric; forms molecular addition products with nitrogen compounds;Anthracene has semiconducting properties;Sublimes at 226.5 °C at 53 mm Hg;When impure (due to tetracene, naphthacene), yellow with green fluorescence;Anthracene darkens in sunlight.;Specific heat capacity 1,164 J/kg at 24 °C; Heat of fusion 162 kJ/kg.;VP: 1 mm Hg at 145 °C (sublimes);Henry's Law constant = 4.88X10-5 atm-cu m/mole at 25 °C;Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 1.79X10-10 cu-cm/molc sec at 25 °C
Stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.;Strongly triboluminescent and triboelectric.;Anthracene darkens in sunlight.
Topological Polar Surface Area
0 Ų
Vapor Density
6.15 (NTP, 1992) (Relative to Air);6.15 (Air = 1.0);Relative vapor density (air = 1): 6.15;6.15
Vapor Pressure
1 mm Hg at 293 °F (sublimes) (NTP, 1992);6.53e-06 mmHg;6.56X10-6 mm Hg at 25 °C (exptrapolated);Vapor pressure, Pa at 25 °C: 0.08;1 mmHg at 293°F (sublimes)