NAVIGATION
Uslu, Hasan, et al. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 2016, 61(7), 2450-2457.
Amberlite LA 2 is a water-insoluble secondary amine that can be used as an extractant to react and extract glutaric acid. Using Amberlite LA 2 as the extraction agent, the effects of different diluents on the recovery of glutaric acid were studied. The results show that higher KD is obtained when alcohol is used as diluent. KD increases from 70 to 90% as Amberlite LA 2 concentration was raised in the four different alcohols (3-methyl-1-butanol, n-octanol, n-nonanol, and n-decanol) used as solvent system.
Extraction methods
· The initial concentration of the aqueous acid was prepared at 0.84 mol·kg-1 (8% in mass). Equal volumes of the aqueous and organic phases (30 mL each) were placed in Erlenmeyer flasks. The samples were then left to equilibrate for 6 hours in a constant temperature water bath shaker at 298 K and a speed of 40 rpm.
· Afterward, the samples were allowed to settle for a minimum of 2 hours at the same temperature in an incubator. The equilibrium time of 6 hours was established through several preliminary tests as sufficient for reaching equilibrium.
· To determine the concentration of acid remaining in the aqueous phase at equilibrium, titration with 0.1 N NaOH was conducted. The concentration of acid in the organic phase was determined through mass balance calculations.
Kumbasar, Recep Ali. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 2010, 16(2), 207-213.
The emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) process can be used to selectively extract cadmium from acidic leachate containing various heavy metal ions. The liquid film phase consists of surfactants, extractants and diluents. In this work, Amberlite LA-2 was used as a mobile carrier to extract diffusing species from acidic leaching solutions. After 10 minutes of exposure using ELM, the extraction efficiency of cadmium can reach 99.0% under optimal operating conditions.
Extraction of cadmium iodide by ELM
· To prepare the membrane, mix 30 mL of LA-2 and Span 80 in kerosene in a 100 mL beaker using a variable speed mixer at 1800 rpm. Add 18 mL of 6 M ammonia solution (stripping solution) drop by drop to the stirred membrane solution. Stir continuously for 20 minutes to ensure proper emulsification of the membrane and stripping solutions.
· In order to extract a diffusing species [2H+ and CdI4(2-)] from an acidic leach solution, a carrier B (Amberlite LA-2) is incorporated into the membrane phase. The carrier interacts with the diffusing species to create a complex feed-membrane interface. This complex then moves through the membrane phase to the internal interface, where the 2H+ and CdI2 4 in the complex structure are released into the internal phase through the stripping reaction. At the same time, the uncharged carrier B diffuses back.
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