CAS 109-78-4 3-Hydroxypropionitrile - Materials / Alfa Chemistry

NAVIGATION

3-Hydroxypropionitrile

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Catalog Number

ACM109784

CAS Number

109-78-4

Product Name

3-Hydroxypropionitrile

Structure

Category

Battery Materials

Description

Ethylene cyanohydrin is a colorless to yellow-brown liquid with a weak odor. Sinks and mixes with water. (USCG, 1999);COLOURLESS-TO-YELLOW LIQUID.

IUPAC Name

3-hydroxypropanenitrile

Molecular Weight

71.08g/mol

Molecular Formula

C3H5NO;HOCH2CH2CN;C3H5NO

Canonical SMILES

C(CO)C#N

InChI

InChI=1S/C3H5NO/c4-2-1-3-5/h5H,1,3H2

InChI Key

WSGYTJNNHPZFKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Boiling Point

442 °F at 760 mm Hg (slight decomposition) (NTP, 1992);221.0 °C;221 °C

Melting Point

-51 °F (NTP, 1992);-46.0 °C;-46 °C;-46 °C

Flash Point

greater than 265 °F (NTP, 1992);265 °F (129 °C) (Open cup);129 °C o.c.

Purity

97%

Density

1.047 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999);1.0404 @ 25 °C;Relative density (water = 1): 1.04

Solubility

greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 68° F (NTP, 1992);14.07 M;Miscible in ethanol; soluble in chloroform; slightly soluble in ethyl ether.;Miscible with acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, ethanol, chloroform, and diethyl ether; insoluble in benzene, carbon tetrachloride, and naphtha.;Miscible with acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, ethyl alcohol. Slightly sol in ether (2.3% w/w @ 15 °C). Insol in benzene, petr ether, carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride.;In water, 1X10+6 mg/l @ 20 °C;Solubility in water: miscible

Application

3-Hydroxypropionitrile serves multiple roles across various industrial and research applications due to its unique chemical structure and properties. As an aliphatic nitrile featuring a hydroxyl group at the beta-carbon, its electronegative nature allows for diverse interactions and reactions. It acts as a polar solvent, helping to study phospholipid orientation at solvent surfaces. In the realm of renewable energy, it's utilized in solid-state composite electrolytes for dye-sensitized solar cells. In synthetic chemistry, it aids in carboxyl protection during peptide synthesis. Historically, it was crucial for acrylonitrile and acrylic acid production, though these methods are now outdated. Nevertheless, its solvency is beneficial for cellulose esters, inorganic salts, basic dyes, and nitrocellulose propellants, lending it utility in both dyeing and propellant curing processes. Furthermore, it functions as a selective solvent for removing acidic gases from various streams and contributes to the preparation of β-alanine and road construction through its fixative capabilities. Its applications reflect its versatile and stabilizing nature, rendered by the intermolecular forces at play within its structure.

Color/Form

WATER-WHITE LIQUID;Straw-colored liquid

Complexity

51.2

Covalently-Bonded Unit Count

EC Number

203-704-8

Exact Mass

71.037114g/mol

Formal Charge

Heavy Atom Count

ICSC Number