Properties, Applications and Popular Topics of High Purity Chromium

High-purity chromium is an industrial material with excellent physical and chemical properties, usually with purity of 99.9% or above. It plays an important role in several fields, including electronic components, high-temperature alloy manufacturing, etc.

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Properties of High Purity Chromium

High-purity chromium has a variety of significant physical and chemical properties. First of all, from the perspective of physical properties, high-purity chromium is a silver-white metal with a slight sky blue color, with high hardness, high strength and good ductility. Its melting point is 1890°C, its boiling point is 2480°C, and its density is approximately 7.20g/cm³. At high temperatures, chromium exhibits excellent stability and is resistant to attack by a variety of chemicals.

In terms of chemical properties, high-purity chromium is highly resistant to corrosion and remains stable even in air or at high temperatures. Chromium is stable to oxygen and moisture at room temperature, but can react with dilute hydrochloric acid and dilute sulfuric acid to form a blue solution. Additionally, chromium is insoluble in nitric acid because a protective oxide film forms on its surface.

High-purity chromium is widely used in many fields due to its excellent physical and chemical properties. For example, it is used to make high-temperature resistant alloys, coatings, and anti-corrosion coatings. In addition, high-purity chromium is widely used in thin film deposition of electronic components, displays and photovoltaic cells.

Applications of High Purity Chromium

High-purity chromium is widely used in many fields:

1. Electronic components: Physically deposited thin films and functional coatings for photovoltaic cell manufacturing, battery manufacturing, and displays. The application of high-purity chromium in electronic components is mainly reflected in its use as a sputtering target. Chromium targets are used for thin-film and functional coatings of electronic components, displays and other tools via the physical vapor deposition (PVD) method, applications that require high purity and uniformity of materials. High-purity chromium (usually 99.9% pure or above) has excellent physical and chemical properties, such as high hardness, good electrical conductivity, and strong oxidation resistance, making it useful as a mask, diffusion barrier, and conductive layer in semiconductor manufacturing and other key materials. In addition, high-purity chromium is also used in the manufacture of semiconductors and components such as computer disks and LCDs.

Preparation methods of high-purity chromium include vacuum melting, which can heat chromium to above the melting point in a vacuum environment, then cool and solidify to form a high-purity chromium target, reducing the inclusion of gases and other impurities, thereby improving the film's properties. quality. This high-purity chromium target is particularly suitable for high-end electronics industries that require extremely high purity and uniformity.

Therefore, the application of high-purity chromium in electronic components mainly uses its excellent physical and chemical properties to manufacture thin films and functional coatings in the form of sputtering targets to meet the high-end electronics industry's requirements for material purity and uniformity.

2. High-temperature alloys: High-purity chromium is widely used in high-temperature alloys, especially in improving the high-temperature oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of alloys. According to evidence, chromium is a very important additive element in high-temperature alloys, usually accounting for about 20%. With the advancement of technology, the chromium content can even exceed 30%, thereby fundamentally improving the material's high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance. High-purity chromium is not only used to improve the performance of high-temperature alloys, but also becomes one of the core raw materials for the development and manufacturing of high-end high-temperature alloys due to its low oxygen, low nitrogen, low sulfur and low acid insoluble matter characteristics. In addition, high-purity chromium is also used to make high-performance metal chromium powder. This material is widely used in high-end fields such as aerospace and nuclear power.

Products such as vacuum-grade degassed chromium and high-performance metallic chromium powders further improve the overall performance of high-temperature alloys by reducing impurity levels. The application of these materials in high-temperature alloys enables the alloys to maintain stability and reliability in extreme environments and meet the needs for high-performance materials in the fields of national defense, military industry, aerospace and other fields. The application of high-purity chromium in high-temperature alloys not only improves the performance of the materials, but also promotes technological progress and industrial upgrading in related fields.

3. Stainless steel and other specialty steels: Chromium is incorporated into steel to increase its strength, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance. High-purity chromium is widely used in stainless steel and other specialty steels. Chromium is an important alloying element that can significantly increase the hardness, strength and corrosion resistance of steel, thereby extending its service life. In stainless steel, the chromium content usually needs to be at least 11% to form a stable passivation film and thus achieve corrosion resistance. In addition, as the chromium content increases, the corrosion resistance of stainless steel will also increase, especially in terms of stress corrosion, pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion in chloride solutions. High-purity chromium is not only used to make stainless steel, but is also widely used in other special steels, such as alloy steel, high-strength alloy steel, and tool steel. For example, high-chromium ferritic stainless steel containing molybdenum has excellent corrosion resistance and can replace expensive nickel-based and titanium alloy materials. In addition, the application of chromium in special steels also includes improving their heat resistance and mechanical properties.

Hot Topics of High Purity Chromium

High-purity chromium has important applications in many fields. High-purity chromium is also widely used in the semiconductor and photovoltaic fields to produce high-purity chromium films that play an important role in physically deposited films and functional coatings for electronic components, displays and tools. In addition, high-purity chromium is also used in the manufacture of semiconductor chips and optoelectronic devices. As an important alloy additive, chromium is widely used in the steel industry to manufacture stainless steel, heat-resistant steel and various electric heating element materials.

High-purity chromium powder can be used to make electrical contacts, which have a long service life and are not prone to arcing and sticking. In addition, high-performance metallic chromium powder is also used in medium and high voltage electrical contact materials.

High-purity chromium is used in functional coatings due to its excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance. It is widely used in petrochemical industry, textile and light industry, aerospace technology, ocean development and other fields. High-purity chromium is also used in the manufacture of watches, household appliance parts, hydraulic cylinders, slide valves, piston rods, tinted glass and mirrors, etc.

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