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Ph-4PACz

Product Name: Ph-4PACz, (4-(3,6-Diphenyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)butyl)phosphonic acid
Catalog Number: ALCM2814500042
CAS Number: 2814500-04-2

Product Description

Chemical Structure of 4PACz

Ph-4PACz is a high-efficiency self-assembled monolayer (SAM) molecule developed for use as a hole transport or hole extraction layer in perovskite and organic solar cells, particularly those with p–i–n device architectures. The molecule, chemically named (4-(3,6-diphenyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)butyl)phosphonic acid, incorporates two rotatable phenyl substituents. These groups introduce steric hindrance that mitigates π–π stacking interactions, promoting an amorphous morphology. Compared with the crystalline Me-4PACz, Ph-4PACz provides superior film uniformity and interfacial compatibility.

The presence of electron-withdrawing phenyl groups reduces the electron density of the carbazole core, resulting in deeper HOMO and Fermi levels. This tuning facilitates better energy level alignment with adjacent perovskite layers, improving hole extraction and minimizing interfacial energy losses, ultimately leading to higher open-circuit voltages (VOC) and enhanced device efficiency.

Ph-4PACz also possesses a high dipole moment, which supports efficient directional charge transport. Its compatibility with low-concentration solution processing makes it a compelling alternative to PEDOT:PSS, offering improved stability, processability, and performance across both small-area and large-area solar cell devices.

Key Features

Lower HOMO and Fermi energy levels for optimized band alignment
Amorphous structure promoting uniform and stable SAM formation
High dipole moment facilitating efficient hole extraction
Excellent thermal stability
Solution processable under ambient conditions with low concentrations

Product Information

Item	Details
CAS Number	2814500-04-2
Catalog Number	ALCM2814500042
Synonyms	(4-(3,6-Diphenyl-9H-carbazol-9-yl)butyl)phosphonic acid
Chemical Formula	C28H26NO3P
Molecular Weight	455.48 g/mol
Purity	> 98% (HPLC)
Appearance	White to off-white powder
Melting Point	Td = 364 °C (Thermogravimetric analysis)
HOMO / LUMO	Not available
Absorption	Not available
Fluorescence	Not available