Description
White TIN is an almost silver-white, ductile, malleable, lustrous solid. mp 232° C, bp: 2507°C. Density: 7.3 g/cm³. Pure white tin becomes non-metallic powdery gray tin if held for a sustained period at temperatures less than 13°C.;DryPowder; DryPowder, OtherSolid; DryPowder, PelletsLargeCrystals, OtherSolid; OtherSolid; OtherSolid, Liquid;WHITE CRYSTALLINE POWDER.;Gray to almost silver-white, ductile, malleable, lustrous solid.;Appearance and odor vary depending upon the specific organotin compound.;Gray to almost silver-white, ductile, malleable, lustrous solid.
Molecular Weight
118.71g/mol
InChI Key
ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Boiling Point
4545 °F at 760 mm Hg (NIOSH, 2016);2507 °C;2260 °C;4545°F;4545°F
Melting Point
449 °F (NIOSH, 2016);231.9 °C;231.9 °C;449°F;449°F
Purity
99%, 99.5%, 99.9%, 99.95%, 99.99%, 99.999%
Density
7.28 (NIOSH, 2016);7.265 (white); 5.769 (gray);7.2 g/cm³;7.28;7.28
Solubility
Insoluble (NIOSH, 2016);SOL IN HYDROCHLORIC ACID, SULFURIC ACID, AQUA REGIA, ALKALI; SLIGHTLY SOL IN DIL NITRIC ACID; INSOL IN WATER;Solubility in water: none;Insoluble
Application
The tin single crystal, with its dimensions of 15mm in diameter and 100mm in length, showcasing a random orientation, serves as a crucial component in various applications due to its unique properties. This product leverages the inherent characteristics of tin, a gray to almost silver-white metal known for its ductility, malleability, and luster. Primarily employed in tin-plating, it extends its utility across food, beverage, and aerosol containers, as well as in alloys for soldering metals and the production of specialized compounds. Its role in the fabrication of materials used in dental, nuclear, and aerospace industries, through combinations such as tin-zirconium or tin-titanium alloys, highlights its versatility. The product's purpose is to exploit these properties of tin, aiding in scientific research and practical applications such as electrical conductivity improvements, resistance to corrosion, and enhancing material strength. Its random orientation within the crystal makes it particularly useful for experimental settings where isotropic properties are desired, further advancing the study of tin's role in modern metallurgy and industrial applications.
Color/Form
Cubic (gray); tetragonal (white); rhomboidal (tin brittle);Almost silver-white, lustrous soft, very malleable & ductile metal; only slightly tenacious; easily powdered; when bent emits crackling "tin cry"; brittle @ 200 °C; brinell hardness 2.9; at -40 °C crumbles to gray amorphous powder (gray tin); slowly changes back above 20 °C to white tin
Covalently-Bonded Unit Count
1
Exact Mass
119.902202g/mol
Hazard Statements
H319-H335
Heat of Vaporization
296.4 kJ/mol
MeSH Entry Terms
Stannum;Tin
Monoisotopic Mass
119.902202g/mol
Other Experimental
NATURALLY OCCURRING ISOTOPES: 112 (0.95%); 114 (0.65%); 115 (0.34%); 116 (14.24%); 117 (7.57%); 118 (24.01%); 119 (8.59%); 120 (32.97%); 122 (4.71%); 124 (5.98%);Tin has two allotropic forms at normal pressure; resists distilled, sea and soft tap water; oxygen in soln accelerates attack; when heated in air, tin oxide forms;Heat of fusion: 7.03 kJ/mol /white tin/;Specific Heat: 27.0 J/mol-K (white); 25.8 J/mol-K (grey) @ 25 °C;Thermal conductivity: 0.64 watts/cm °C @ 25 °C, 760 mm Hg;Transformation temp: (beta in equilibrium with alpha) 13.2 °C;Specific heat: 222 J/kg K @ 20 °C;Latent heat of fusion: 7.08 kJ/(g atom);Thermal conductivity: 65 W/m K @ 20 °C;Coefficient of linear expansion: 19.9X10-6 @ 0 °C; 23.8X10-6 @ 100 °C;Shrinkage on solidification: 2.8%;Resistivity of white tin: 11.0 u-Ohm cm @ 0 °C; 15.5 u-Ohm cm @ 100 °C; 20.0 u-Ohm cm @ 200 °C; 22.0 u-Ohm cm @ mp (solid); 45.0 u-Ohm cm @ mp (liquid);Volume conductivity: 15% IACS;Tensile strength, as cast: 14.5 MPa @ 15 °C; 4.5 Mpa @ 200 °C; 20.0 MPa @ -40 °C; 87.5 MPa @ -120 °C
Precautionary Statements
P261-P264-P271-P280-P304 + P340 + P312-P305 + P351 + P338-P337 + P313-P403 + P233-P405-P501
Specific Surface Area
50 m2/g
Stability
STABLE IN AIR, BUT WHEN IN POWDER FORM IT OXIDIZES, ESP IN PRESENCE OF MOISTURE;stablilizes <18 °C
Vapor Pressure
0 mm Hg (approx) (NIOSH, 2016);1 Pa @ 1224 °C;0 mmHg (approx);0 mmHg (approx)
Viscosity
1.85 mPa-s (=cP)@ 240 °C (MP)
