Polyformaldehyde - Materials / Alfa Chemistry

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Polyformaldehyde

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Catalog Number

ACMA00017125

Product Name

Polyformaldehyde

Category

Polymers

Description

Solids containing varying amounts of formaldehyde, probably as paraformaldehyde (polymers of formula HO(CH₂O)xH where x averages about 30). A hazard to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit spread to the environment.;Formaldehyde, solution, flammable appears as a colorless aqueous solution of formaldehyde, which is a gas at ordinary conditions. Has a pungent irritating odor. Flash point varies from 122 to 141°F. Denser than water. The vapors are heavier than air and are highly irritating to the nose. Toxic if swallowed. Contact can cause severe injury to the skin accompanied by drying, cracking, and scaling. Used to make plastics, other chemicals, and fertilizers. Used as a preservative and a corrosion inhibitor. Rate of onset: Immediate Persistence: Hours Odor threshold: 1 ppm Source/use/other hazard: Disinfection/germicide; fungicide; textile; health care (tissue fixing).;Formaldehyde, solutions (formalin) (corrosive) appears as a colorless liquid with a pungent irritating odor. Contains 37-50% formaldehyde by mass and varying amounts of methanol, added to prevent precipitation of formaldehyde polymers (formaldehyde exists in solution as CH2(OH)2 and its polymers HO(CH₂O)xH where x averages about three). Formalin free of methanol is also shipped but must be kept warm (about 30°C (86°F)) to prevent polymerization. Pure formaldehyde, a gas, is not handled commercially because it tends to polymerize exothermally and may ignite. Vapor from formalin solution is flammable and an explosion hazard when exposed to flame or heat. Skin and eye irritant. Confirmed carcinogen.;Paraformaldehyde appears as a white solid with a light pungent odor. A linear polymer of formaldehyde of formula HO(CH2-O)xH where x averages about 30. Soluble in water when x is less than 12; higher polymers are not immediately soluble. Slow dissolution in water proceeds by means of hydrolysis to give fragments of lower x. Flammable, although may take some effort to ignite. Flash point 158°F. Used in fungicides, bactericides, and in the manufacture of adhesives. A hazard to the environment. Immediate steps should be taken to limit spread to the environment.;DryPowder; PelletsLargeCrystals;Liquid; OtherSolid, Liquid; PelletsLargeCrystals;Liquid;COLOURLESS GAS WITH PUNGENT ODOUR.;COLOURLESS LIQUID WITH PUNGENT ODOUR.;WHITE SOLID IN VARIOUS FORMS WITH PUNGENT ODOUR.;Colorless aqueous solution of formaldehyde with a pungent, irritating odor. Gas at ordinary conditions.;Nearly colorless gas with a pungent, suffocating odor.;Nearly colorless gas with a pungent, suffocating odor. [Note: Often used in an aqueous solution (see specific listing for Formalin).]

IUPAC Name

formaldehyde

Molecular Weight

30.026g/mol

Molecular Formula

H2CO;H2CO;CH₂O;CH₂O

Canonical SMILES

C=O

InChI

InChI=1S/CH₂O/c1-2/h1H2

InChI Key

WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Boiling Point

-6 °F at 760 mm Hg (NIOSH, 2016);-3.1 °F at 760 mm Hg commercial aqueous formaldehyde boils at 205° F (EPA, 1998);214 °F at 760 mm Hg (NIOSH, 2016);-19.1 °C;-19.5 °C;-20 °C;98 °C;-6°F;214°F;-6°F

Melting Point

-134 °F (NIOSH, 2016);-134 °F for anhydrous form (EPA, 1998);342 °F (USCG, 1999);-92 °C;164 °C (decompses);-92°C;-92 °C;-134°F;-134°F;-134°F

Flash Point

140 °F 40% solution (EPA, 1998);185 °F (NIOSH, 2016);160 °F (approx.) (USCG, 1999);185 °F (85 °C) (Closed cup) /Gas/;122 °F (50 °C) (Closed cup) /Formaldehyde 37%, 15% methanol/;185 °F (85 °C) (Closed cup) /Formaldehyde 37%, methanol-free; gas/;83 °C, closed cup, 37% aqueous soln- methanol free; 50 °C, closed cup, aqueous soln with 15% methanol;158 °F (70 °C) (Closed cup);83 °C c.c.;71 °C c.c.;varies from 122-141°F;185°F;NA (Gas)

Density

0.815 at -4 °F anhydrous form (EPA, 1998);1.46 at 59 °F (USCG, 1999);0.815 g/cu cm at -20 °C;1.46 AT 15 °C (solid);Relative density (water = 1): 0.8;Relative density (water = 1): 0.8;Relative density (water = 1):;1.04(relative gas density)

Solubility

Miscible (NIOSH, 2016);Miscible (NIOSH, 2016);Miscible (NIOSH, 2016);13.20 M;In water, 4.00X10+5 mg/L at 20 °C;In water, miscible at 25 °C;In water, 95 weight % at 20 °C;Soluble in ethanol and chloroform; miscible with ether, acetone and benzene;In water, 2X10+5 mg/L at 18 °C.;Slowly soluble in cold , more readily soluble in hot water, with evolution of formaldehyde;Soluble in fixed alkali hydroxide solution; insoluble in alcohol, ether;INSOL IN MOST ORG SOLVENTS.;The higher polymers are insoluble in water.;The rate at which paraformaldehyde dissolves (hydrolyzes) in water is at a minimum at pH 3-5; it increases rapidly at lower or higher pHs.;400 mg/mL at 20 °C;Solubility in water: very good;Solubility in water: miscible;Solubility in water: poor;Miscible

Color/Form

Nearly colorless gas [Note: Often used in an aqueous solution]. /Pure formaldehyde/;Colorless gas at ordinary temperatures;Clear, water-white, very slightly acid, gas or liquid.;Clear, colorless or nearly colorless liquid /Formaldehyde solution/;White crystalline powder;WHITE, AMORPHOUS POWDER;White solid

Complexity

Corrosivity

Aqueous formaldehyde is corrosive to carbon steel, but formaldehyde in gas phase is not.

Covalently-Bonded Unit Count

EC Number

200-001-8;216-775-5;608-494-5

Exact Mass

30.010565g/mol

Formal Charge

Heat of Vaporization

23.3 kJ/mol at 19 °C

Heavy Atom Count

ICSC Number

0275;0695;0767

Log P

0.35 (LogP);log Kow = 0.35;0.35;0,35

MeSH Entry Terms

Formaldehyde;Formalin;Formol;Methanal;Oxomethane

Monoisotopic Mass

30.010565g/mol

NSC Number

298885

Odor

Pungent, suffocating odor;Pungent, irritating odor /Formaldehyde solution/;Odor of formaldehyde;Light pungent odor

Other Experimental

Clear, water-white, very slightly acid, gas or liquid.;Boiling point: - 19.1 °C /Formaldehyde 37% uninhibited/;Freezing point: -117 °C /Formaldehyde, 37% uninhibited/;Specified gravity: 0.816 g at 20/20 °C /Formaldehyde, 37% uninhibited/;Vapor pressure: 1 mm Hg /Formalin/;In the presence of air and moisture, polymerization readily takes place in concentrated solutions at room temperatures to form paraformaldehyde, a solid mixture of linear polyoxymethylene glycols containing 90-99% formaldehyde.;In the presence of air, formaldehyde is oxidized to formic acid.;Henry's Law constant = 3.37X10-7 atm-cu m/mol at 25 °C;Hydroxyl radical reaction rate constant = 8.50X10-12 cu cm/molecule-sec at 25 °C;Sublimation about 120 °C;Heat of solution: -83.5 cal/g (-3.50X10+5 J/kg or -150 Btu/lb);Once dissolved in water, paraformaldehyde behaves like methanol-free formaldehyde of the same concentration.;Hydrolyzed by hot water and alkali forming formaldehyde.

Refractive Index

Index of refraction: 1.3746 at 20 °C/D /Formaldehyde soln/

Rotatable Bond Count

RTECS Number

LP8925000;RV0540000

Stability

On standing, especially in the cold, may become cloudy, and on exposure to very low temperature ppt of trioxymethylene formed; in air it slowly oxidizes to formic acid /40% solution/.;Formaldehyde gas is stable in the absence of water.;Depolymerizes readily, esp upon heating or in presence of alkalies or acids.;... /Formaldehyde Lozengens, containing 10 mg paraformaldehyde/ are liable to deteriorate on storage.

UNII

1HG84L3525

UN Number

3077;1198;2209;2213;1198;2213;2209;2213;1198;2213

Vapor Density

1.067 to 1.075 for gas state (EPA, 1998) (Relative to Air);1.067 (Air = 1);Relative vapor density (air = 1): 1.08;Relative vapor density (air = 1): 1.03;Relative vapor density (air = 1): 1.03;1.04;1.04

Vapor Pressure

greater than 1 atm (NIOSH, 2016);10 mm Hg at -126.4 °F for anhydrous form (EPA, 1998);1 mm Hg (NIOSH, 2016);3,890 mm Hg at 25 °C /100% formaldehyde/;10.5 mm Hg at 25 °C;Vapor pressure, kPa at 20 °C: 0.2;Vapor pressure, kPa at 25 °C:;>1 atm;1 mmHg;>1 atm

Viscosity

0.1421 cP at 25 °C

XLogP3

1.2

MSDS

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COA

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Spec Sheet

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