CAS 7782-42-5 Graphene thermal expansion - Materials / Alfa Chemistry

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Graphene thermal expansion

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Catalog Number

ACM7782425-33

CAS Number

7782-42-5

Product Name

Graphene thermal expansion

Category

Carbon Compounds

Description

Carbon black oil appears as a dark colored liquid with a petroleum-like odor. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Vapors heavier than air.;Carbon, activated is a black grains that have been treated to improve absorptive ability. May heat spontaneously if not properly cooled after manufacture.;Carbon, animal or vegetable origin appears as a black powder or granular mixed with a tar or starch and water binder pressed into regular lumps or briquettes. Heats slowly and ignites in air especially if wet.;Graphite (natural) appears as a mineral form of the element carbon. Hexagonal crystals or thin leaf-like layers. Steel-gray to black with a metallic luster and a greasy feel. An electrical conductor. Used for high-temperature crucibles, as a lubricant and in "lead" pencils.;DryPowder; DryPowder, Liquid; DryPowder, PelletsLargeCrystals; DryPowder, PelletsLargeCrystals, WetSolid, OtherSolid, Liquid; DryPowder, WetSolid, Liquid; Liquid; OtherSolid; OtherSolid, GasVapor, Liquid; PelletsLargeCrystals; PelletsLargeCrystals, OtherSolid, Liquid; WetSolid; WetSolid, Liquid;OtherSolid; PelletsLargeCrystals;DryPowder; DryPowder, OtherSolid; DryPowder, PelletsLargeCrystals; OtherSolid; PelletsLargeCrystals; PelletsLargeCrystals, OtherSolid; WetSolid;DryPowder; DryPowder, OtherSolid; DryPowder, PelletsLargeCrystals; DryPowder, WetSolid; Liquid; OtherSolid; PelletsLargeCrystals; PelletsLargeCrystals, OtherSolid; WetSolid;Black, odourless powder;BLACK POWDER OR SOLID IN VARIOUS FORMS. ODOURLESS WHEN PURE.;BLACK FLAKES, LUMPS, POWDER OR CHIPS.;ODOURLESS BLACK PELLETS OR EXTREMELY FINE POWDER.;Black, odorless solid or a dark colored liquid with a petroleum-like odor.;Black grains that have been treated to improve absorptive ability.;Steel gray to black, greasy feeling, odorless solid;Black, odorless solid.;Steel gray to black, greasy feeling, odorless solid.;Steel gray to black, greasy feeling, odorless solid.

IUPAC Name

carbon

Molecular Weight

12.011g/mol

Molecular Formula

C;C

Canonical SMILES

[C]

InChI

InChI=1S/C

InChI Key

OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Boiling Point

Very high (USCG, 1999);Sublimes (NIOSH, 2016);4200 °C;Sublimes at 3642 °C; triple point (graphite-liquid-gas), 4492 °C at a pressure of 101.325 kPa;>4000 °C;sublimes;Sublimes;Sublimes;Sublimes;Sublimes

Melting Point

6602 °F (Sublimes) (NIOSH, 2016);Sublimes;>3500 °C;б╓3550 °C;sublimes;6602°F (sublimes);Sublimes;6602°F (Sublimes);6602°F (Sublimes)

Density

2 at 68 °F (USCG, 1999);2.0 to 2.25 (NIOSH, 2016);1.8-2.1;0.08 to 0.5;Relative density (water = 1): 1.8-3.51;Relative density (water = 1): 2.09-2.23;Relative density (water = 1): 1.8-2.1;2.0-2.25;1.8-2.1;2.0-2.25;1.5-1.8

Solubility

Insoluble (NIOSH, 2016);Insoluble in water and organic solvents;INSOL IN ALL SOLVENTS;Insoluble in water;Insoluble in organic solvents;Activated carbon is generally considered to exhibit low affinity for water.;Insoluble in water;INSOL IN WATER OR OTHER KNOWN SOLVENTS;Solubility in water: none;Solubility in water: insoluble;Solubility in water: none;Insoluble;Insoluble;Insoluble

Color/Form

Fine black powder;Black solid;FINE BLACK POWDER;Black porous soild, course granules or powder;Steel gray to black greasy feeling solid.;Usually soft, black scales, crystals rare;Soft black hexagonal crystals; insol in water, acid, alkali; sol in liquid iron; density: 2.2 g/cu cm; MP: 4,489 °C (10.3 GPA); BP: 3,825 °C (sublimes);One of the softest known materials

Complexity

Covalently-Bonded Unit Count

EC Number

231-153-3;215-609-9;231-953-2;231-955-3;240-383-3;231-153-3;264-846-4;603-226-3;612-159-9;619-291-6

Exact Mass

12g/mol

Formal Charge

Heavy Atom Count

ICSC Number

0702;0893;0471

Monoisotopic Mass

12g/mol

Odor

Odorless;ODORLESS;Odorless.

Other Experimental

Sublimates at 3652-97 °C;X-ray diffraction reveals a structure similar to, but less regular than graphite; particle sizes from 5-500 nm; appear spherical under electron microscope;The surface area, dimensions, and distribution of the pores depend on the precursor and on the conditions of carbonization and activation. Pore sizes are classified by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) as micropores (pore width > 50 nm), mesopores (pore width 2-50 nm), and macropores (pore width >50 nm).;Adsorption capacity and rate of adsorption depend on the internal surface area and distribution of pore size and shape but are also influenced by the surface chemistry of the activated carbon.;An amorphous form of carbon characterized by high absorptivity for many gases, vapors, and colloidal solids. ... porous internal structure (honeycomb-like). The internal surface area of activated carbon averages approximately 10,000 square feet per gram. ... It is not effective in removing ethylene.;Properties of U.S. Activated Carbon [Table#3779];Atomic number: 6; valence: 4; stable isotopes: 12 (98.892%); 13 (1.108%); radioactive isotopes: 9-11; 14-16;Nonmetallic element; divalent forms are known (carbenes); forms binary compound called carbides with many metals and some nonmetals ... strong reducing agent ... strong electrical conductivity;ATOMIC RADIUS: 0.77 A; IONIC (CRYSTAL) RADII: 2.60 A (-4 OXIDATION STATE); 0.15 A (+4 OXIDATION STATE); ORBITAL ELECTRONS: [HE]2S2-2PS; ELECTRONEGATIVITY (PAULING SCALE): 2.5;Specific gravity: amorphous 1.8 to 2.1; graphite 1.9 to 2.3; diamond 3.15 to 3.53 (depending on variety);AMORPHOUS BLACK CRYSTALS; INSOL IN WATER, ACID, ALKALI; DENSITY: 1.8-2.1; BP: 4827 °C; SUBLIMES: 3652-3697 °C /AMORPHOUS/;Colorless, cubic crystals; MW: 12.011 insoluble in water; density: 3.51; MP: 4440 °C (12.4 GPa) /Diamond/;Colorless mineral ... color can vary between pink, light blue and even black due to incorporated impurities /Diamond/;MW: 760.642 Yellow needles of plates. MP: >280 °C. Soluble in organic solvents /Fullerene-60/;MW: 840.749. Red-brown solid. MP: >280 °C. Soluble in benzene, toluene /Fullerene-70/;A new brittle form of carbon ... can be obtained with high purity. It has high resistence to corrosion, has good thermal stability and is structurally impermeable to both gases and liquids. It has a randomized structure, making it useful in ultra-high technology applications, such as crystal growing, crucibles for high-temperature use, etc. /Glassy carbon/;The (12)C isotope, which comprises 99% of the element, is the standard to which atomic weights of all other elements are referred (C = 12.00 exactly). One mole of carbon atoms (6.02x10+23) is contained in 12 g of (12)C.;In 1969 a new allotropic form of carbon was produced during the sublimation of pyrolytic graphite at low pressures. Under free-vaporization conditions above approximately 2250 deg K, "white" carbon forms as small transparent crystals on the edges of basal planes of graphite. ... "White" carbon is a transparent birefringent material. Little information is presently avail about this allotrope. /"white" carbon/;Of recent interest is the discovery of all-carbon molecules, known as "buckyballs" or fullerenes ... consisting of 60 or 70 carbon atoms linked together, seem capable of withstanding great pressure and trapping foreign atoms inside their network of carbon. ... said to be capable of magnetism and superconductivity and have potential as a nonlinear optical material. Buckyball films are reported to remain super-conductive at temperatures as high as 45 k.;The element carbon, due to its high heat capacity per unit weight, high energy of vaporization, and high temperature and pressure required for melting, has the highest "heat of ablation" (energy absorbed per mass lost) of any material, provided that mechanical removal of particulates does not occur.;The apparent density of beech charcoal is 0.45 g/mL and that of pine charcoal is 0.28 g/mL; the density of pore-free charcoal ranges between 1.38 and 1.46 g/mL, depending on the kind of wood; the porosity of beech charcoal is ca 70%; the bulk density of charcoal, which depends on the kind of wood and the size of the pieces, ranges from 180 to 220 kg/cu m; the heating value ranges between 29 and 33 kJ/g;Graphite is one of the softest known materials while diamond is one of the hardest. Graphite exists in two forms: alpha and beta. These have identical physical properties, except for their crystal structure. Naturally occurring graphites are reported to contain as much as 30% of the rhombohedral (beta) form, whereas synthetic materials contain only the alpha form. The hexagonal alpha type can be converted to beta by mechanical treatment, and the beta form reverts to the alpha on heating it above 1000 °C.;Liquid molar volume = 0.007455 cu m/kmol;Heat of formation = 7.1668X10+8 J/kmol;Heat of fusion = 1.0460X10+8 J/kmol at melting point

Refractive Index

Index of refraction = 2.1500

Rotatable Bond Count

RTECS Number

FF5250100;FF5800000

Stability

IF.../CHARCOAL/ IS STORED.../SRP: OPEN TO ATMOSPHERE/, IT GRADUALLY ADSORB VAPORS FROM AIR AND BECOMES WORTHLESS.

UN Number

1993;1362;1361;1362;1361;1361

Vapor Pressure

0 mm Hg (approx) (NIOSH, 2016);Negligible at 20 °C;1 mm Hg at 3586 °C;0 mmHg (approx);0 mmHg (approx);0 mmHg (approx);0 mmHg (approx);0 mmHg (approx)

XLogP3